Si Mohamed Nasheed president ng Maldives

Si Mohamed Nasheed, (ipinanganak Mayo 17, 1967, Lalaki, Maldives), mamamahayag, aktibista, at pulitiko na nahalal na pangulo ng Maldives noong 2008 ngunit nagbitiw sa puwesto noong unang bahagi ng 2012 sa kung ano ang kanyang inilarawan bilang isang coup d'état.

Quiz

Kilalanin ang Asya

Ano ang naghihiwalay sa dalawang halves ng Malaysia?

Maagang buhay at pampulitikang aktibismo

Nag-aral si Nasheed sa paaralang grammar sa Lalaki bago nag-aral sa mga paaralan sa Colombo, Sri Lanka (1981–82), at sa West Lavington, Wiltshire, England (1982–84). Tumanggap siya ng isang bachelor's degree sa maritime studies mula sa Liverpool John Moores University noong 1989.

Si Nasheed ay bumalik sa Maldives at noong 1990 ay naging katulong na editor ng bagong magasin na Sangu, na pumuna sa pamahalaan ni Pres. Maumoon Abdul Gayoom. Ipinagbawal si Sangu, at si Nasheed ay pinarusahan sa pag-aresto sa bahay. Siya ay nabilanggo mamaya sa taong iyon at gaganapin sa nag-iisa na pagkulong sa loob ng 18 buwan. Siya ay sinentensiyahan ng tatlong taon sa bilangguan noong 1992 ngunit pinalaya noong 1993. Nag-aplay si Nasheed para sa pahintulot ng gobyerno na bumuo ng isang malayang partidong pampulitika noong 1994, ngunit tinanggihan ang kanyang kahilingan. Simula noong Abril 1996, nagsilbi siya ng anim na buwan sa bilangguan para sa isang artikulo na isinulat niya sa isang magasin sa Pilipinas tungkol sa halalan ng 1993 at 1994 sa Maldives.

In 1999 Nasheed was elected to the Maldivian parliament, the People’s Majlis. He was arrested again in October 2001, and in the following month he was sentenced to two and a half years’ exile to a remote island. In March 2002, while in exile, he was expelled from the Majlis because he had not attended the parliament for six months; he was released in August. After riots in the capital, Male, in September 2003, Nasheed left the Maldives for Sri Lanka, and while in exile there he helped found the opposition Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) in November 2004.

Presidency

Bumalik si Nasheed sa Maldives noong Abril 2005. Noong Hunyo ay ipinasa ng gobyerno ng Maldivian ang batas na nagpapahintulot sa mga partidong pampulitika na lumahok sa mga halalan, at si Nasheed, bilang pinuno ng MDP, ay nagsimula ng isang kampanya ng hindi marahas na pagsuway sa sibil na idinisenyo upang magdala ng higit na demokrasya sa Maldives. Nakatakdang muli, gumugol siya ng higit sa isang taon sa ilalim ng pag-aresto sa bahay (2005-05). Sa unang libreng halalan ng pagkapangulo sa Maldives, noong Oktubre 2008, tinalo ni Nasheed si Gayoom na may 54 porsyento ng boto.

Bilang pangulo, si Nasheed ay naging kilalang pandaigdigan para sa kanyang walang tigil na pagsisikap patungo sa pagpapahinto ng pagbabago ng klima. Ang lahat ng Maldive Islands ay mababa ang nakahiga, walang tumataas sa higit sa 6 talampakan (1.8 metro) sa itaas ng antas ng dagat. Noong 2009 ay sumulat si Nasheed, "Ang pagtaas ng antas ng dagat kahit kalahati ng isang metro ay gagawing hindi masisira ang [Maldives].

But the Maldives is no special case; simply the canary in the world’s coal mine.” The Maldives announced plans that year to become the world’s first carbon-neutral nation by 2020. Nasheed even held a cabinet meeting underwater in October to draw attention to the danger the Maldives would face from rising sea levels. In June 2010 relations between Nasheed and the People’s Majlis reached a new low when Nasheed’s entire cabinet resigned to protest the parliament’s blocking of the Nasheed government’s initiatives. Nasheed reappointed his cabinet. A 2011 documentary film, The Island President, covered Nasheed’s history of political activism and his environmental-protection efforts as president.

Nasheed’s administration continued to be hampered by loyalty to Gayoom within the judiciary and among members of the opposition Maldive People’s Party in the Majlis. In January 2012 Nasheed had a senior criminal court judge arrested for alleged bias in favour of the political opposition. After weeks of street protests by citizens opposed to the arrest, Nasheed resigned in early February and was replaced by his vice president, Mohamed Waheed Hassan. Shortly thereafter Nasheed claimed his resignation had been forced by the police and military, and his supporters staged protests and called for early elections. In August an official commission of inquiry backed by the Commonwealth announced its finding that Nasheed’s resignation had been voluntary and that there had been no coup. Meanwhile, in July charges were filed against him for what was deemed to have been his illegal arrest of the criminal court judge in January. Nasheed’s trial was delayed repeatedly over the following months through various appeals and hearings. He charged that the proceedings were meant to result in his disqualification from contesting the scheduled September 2013 presidential election. In March 2013 it was announced that the trial would be delayed until after the election, in which Nasheed was running as the MDP candidate.

In the September 7 election Nasheed won a large plurality of votes (45 percent) but not enough to avoid a runoff election against the second-place candidate. That election was scheduled for September 28, but legal challenges to the first election’s validity delayed the second vote and eventually resulted in the annulment of the results. A new election was held November 16. Nasheed, the front-runner, was defeated narrowly by Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom, the half-brother of Maumoon Abdul Gayoom.

Exile and return

In February 2015 the charges against Nasheed were dropped. However, shortly thereafter he was re-charged, and in March he was found guilty of having illegally arrested the criminal court judge. Nasheed was sentenced to 13 years in prison. In December he was granted leave to travel to Great Britain for medical treatment. While there, he gathered support for his case and warned of growing authoritarianism in his country. The British government granted him asylum as a political refugee in May 2016. Nasheed left for Sri Lanka later that year, where he remained until late 2018. The Supreme Court of the Maldives stayed the charges against him on October 30, 2018, more than a month after a presidential election had been won by a senior leader of the MDP, and he returned to the Maldives two days later.