Jodhpur India

Jodhpur, lungsod, gitnang estado ng Rajasthan, hilagang-kanluran ng India. Matatagpuan ito sa hilagang-kanluran ng Luni ng Luni sa isang sterile tract ng lupa na sakop ng matataas na mga burol ng buhangin. Kung minsan, ang rehiyon ay tinutukoy bilang Marwar (nagmula sa maru-war ["rehiyon ng kamatayan"] dahil sa malupit na mga kondisyon ng disyerto ng lugar. Ang mga lugar sa hilaga at hilagang-kanluran nito ay bahagi ng disyerto ng Thar (Great Indian).

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Quiz

Kilalanin ang Asya

Alin sa mga bansang ito ang hindi hangganan ng Thailand?

Kasaysayan

Ang lungsod ay itinatag noong 1459 ni Rao Jodha, isang Rajput (isa sa mga mandirigma na mandirigma ng makasaysayang rehiyon ng Rajputana), at nagsilbi bilang kabisera ng punong estado ng Jodhpur. Ang pangunahin na estado ay itinatag noong mga 1212, naabot ang zenith ng kapangyarihan nito sa ilalim ng pinuno na si Rao Maldeo (1532–69), at binigyan ng katapatan sa mga Mughals matapos ang pagsalakay ng emperador ng Mughal na si Akbar noong 1561. Sinalakay at inagaw ng emperador ng Mughal na si Aurangzeb. ang rehiyon ng Marwar noong 1679, nag-uutos ng pagbabalik ng mga naninirahan sa Islam.

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The princely states of Jodhpur, Jaipur, and Udaipur formed an alliance, however, and prevented control by the Muslims. The Jodhpur and Jaipur princes then regained the privilege of marriage with the Udaipur family—which they had forfeited when they allied with the Mughals—on condition that children of Udaipur princesses be first in succession. Quarrels resulting from that stipulation, however, finally led to the establishment of the supremacy of the Marathas, a Hindu warrior caste.

In 1818 Jodhpur came under British paramountcy. It was the largest princely state in the Rajputana Agency—the British governing entity in the region—occupying much of the central and southwestern portions of what is now Rajasthan state. It joined Rajasthan in 1949.

The contemporary city

Jodhpur is a major regional road and rail junction and a trade centre for agricultural crops, wool, cattle, salt, and hides. An airport handles domestic flights. The city has engineering and railway workshops and manufactures cotton textiles, brass and iron utensils, bicycles, ink, and polo equipment. Jodhpur is famous for its handicraft products, which include ivory goods, glass bangles, cutlery, dyed cloth, lacquerwork, felt and leather products, marble stonework, and carpets. Tourism is an important component of the city’s economy.

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Jodhpur, the second largest city of Rajasthan, is the seat of the Rajasthan state high court. The city is the site of an air force college, the University of Jodhpur (established 1962), and a medical college affiliated with the University of Rajasthan in Jaipur (the state capital). Parts of Jodhpur are surrounded by an 18th-century wall. Mehrangarh Fort, which contains the maharaja’s palace and a historical museum, is built on an isolated rock eminence that dominates the city. The 4th-century ruins of Mandor, the ancient capital of Marwar, lie immediately to the north. In addition to the fort, Jodhpur’s other notable buildings include the Umaid Bhawan Palace, the home of the Jodhpur royal family and also a luxury hotel, and the white marble Jaswant Thada, a memorial to the 19th-century ruler Jaswant Singh II.

Jodhpur’s surrounding region is largely agricultural.Bajra (pearl millet), pulses, jowar (grain sorghum), oilseeds, mung (the edible seeds of an Asian bean), and corn (maize) are the chief crops; some cotton and wheat are also produced. Lignite, iron ore, tungsten, garnet, glass-sand, and gypsum deposits are worked. There are several poultry farms, and sheep, cattle, and camels are bred. Pop. (2001) 851,051; (2011) 1,033,756.